Jane Eyre in the Opening 3 Chapters Essay Example for Free

Jane Eyre in the Opening 3 Chapters Essay Charlotte Bronte is the creator of the novel Jane Eyre about a stranded young lady battling all through the novel to accomplish balance and to defeat persecution. In the initial 3 sections, Bronte underlines Jane’s depression, absence of familial love and accentuates her touchy nature and internal quality. As we witness Jane being rebuffed and ignored on account of her cruel aunties and left inclination confined and strange in her general public. Initially, we are acquainted with Jane, concealing perusing a book. This sets up her odd and forlorn spot at Gateshead corridor. As in addition to the fact that she is isolated from the remainder of the reed family Bronte clarifies that she is ‘happy’ and ‘feared nothing aside from interruption’. To have a sense of security and substance just from being rejected from her family implies jane’s disregarded and upset youth. This is shown as a kid should need to be encircled by family and love. for Jane to be living in ‘despair’ by the feeling of this withdrawal to be ‘obstructed’ suggests her inward quality of freedom as she’s ready to discover a book and read instructing herself as opposed to sulking and surrendering. Furthermore, she’s blissful when underlines her freedom and drive to discover a book and read instead of sulk. ane sitting and perusing without anyone else, not permitted to play with her cousins, builds up her odd and desolate situation at Gateshead Hall. However her readiness to discover a book to peruse, as opposed to simply sulking, sets up her autonomy.

Free Essays on Community Service Learning

at twelve years old. This returns to truly placing some idea into the amount we have throughout everyday life and how we underestimate it. My experience was generally an incredible time I really appreciated working with others and getting them out. This caused me to feel great about myself and I figure others should give it a possibility. When working and helping the kids out I felt as though I could identify with my work in school identifying with one specific class. This was authority, a class I am presently taking and am starting to appreciate. I can identify with this since we talk about the significance of volu... Free Essays on Community Service Learning Free Essays on Community Service Learning My involvement in doing my locale administration hours were essential to me and exceptional for a large number of various reasons. All through this paper I will disclose to you why I thought this was significant for me and everybody should attempt this too. I was genuinely ready to become familiar with a great deal and being acquainted with the circumstances I was being placed in gave me a touch of a bit of leeway. I additionally inclined to a decent degree how I can apply what I realized through my administrations to what I do in my regular daily existence and how I can identify with my examinations. One of the fundamental reasons why I saw this experience as uncommon is on the grounds that I appreciate working with others. I truly didn’t want to get up promptly toward the beginning of the day on a few events consistently however I finished learning a decent sum. After truly placing some idea into what I was really doing I felt awful for griping and not having any desire to help other people out. I truly underestimate a ton when I consider all the things I have throughout everyday life and that is likely probably the greatest thing I have inclined. Strolling into that study hall of around ten to fifteen children around the age of twelve I was stunned. I knew the earth I was going into and was readied, working with kids for as far back as hardly any summers gave me some foundation. I plunked down to assist a kid with his history schoolwork to before long discover that he difficult time in any event, scattering his words at twelve years old. This returns to truly placing some idea into the amount we have throughout everyday life and how we underestimate it. My experience was generally an extraordinary time I really delighted in working with others and getting them out. This caused me to feel great about myself and I figure others should give it a possibility. When working and helping the kids out I felt as though I could identify with my work in school identifying with one specific class. This was initiative, a class I am as of now taking and am starting to appreciate. I can identify with this since we talk about the significance of volu...

Major World War I Battles Essay Example for Free

Significant World War I Battles Essay 1914-The First Battle of the Marne. Up until September of 1914, the German armed force had consistently progressed through Belgium and France and was approaching the capital of France, Paris. Fortunately, in the First Battle of the Marne, six French armed forces and one British armed force had the option to fight off the German development and set up for channel fighting for the following four years. 1915-Second Battle of Ypres-This was the second fight for the city of Ypres, which was situated in western Belgium. For the Germans, this denoted their first broad utilization of toxic substance gas during the war. At Gravenstafl, Canadian soldiers had the option to hold off the Germans by peeing into materials and covering their countenances with it. 1916-Battle of Verdun. The Battle of Verdun was intended to be Germany’s last push to get through French lines. A typical statement was â€Å"to drain the French white†. The two sides endured tremendous setbacks; anyway there was no reasonable victor despite the fact that the Germans had to pull back. 1917-Battle of Caporetto. In this fight, also called the twelfth Battle of Isonzo, Austro-Hungarian powers fortified by German infantry at long last got through the Italian forefront and directed the whole Italian armed force. Toxin gas and tempest troopers adequately added to the enormous breakdown of the Italian armed force. 1918-Battle of Cantigny. This was the main significant fight including U.S. powers up until that point in World War I. While, Cantigny was a moderately simple goal and was eclipsed by bigger fights happening somewhere else on the front, this fight was huge in showing that the U.S. powers could be trusted to stand their ground. 1. Up until the U.S. entrance into the war, the U.S. had just been giving monstrous measures of provisions to the French and British, regardless of their cases of nonpartisanship. This uneven exchanging prompted German assaults on U.S. dealer vessels and was one reason the U.S. entered the war. The American Expeditionary Force didn't really confront numerous fights as they showed up in Germany in mid 1918. They proved their value and quality anyway in the Battle of Cantigny, where exclusively U.S. troops had the option to catch the town of Cantigny and shock a few wild German counterattacks. 2. Ladies had an immense job in the war exertion at home, while African Americans legitimately added to the war exertion. Ladies filled a large number of the occupations men abandoned, particularly in plants that were currently confronting immense requests for war supplies and low quantities of laborers. Without ladies ascending to fill these positions, the American war exertion would have been seriously impeded. African Americans, albeit still separated and isolated in units, battled valiantly and savagely in World War I and earned the regard of numerous fighters around them. 3. U.S. society

Gps Location Tracker free essay sample

This POT GPS beneficiary giving an answer that high position and speed exactness exhibitions just as high affectability and following capacities in urban conditions amp;provides standard NMEA0183 strings in crude mode for any microcontroller. The module gives current time, date, scope, longitude, speed, elevation and travel bearing/heading among other information, and can be utilized in a large group of applications,including route, following frameworks, armada the executives, mapping and mechanical autonomy. This is an independent GPS Module and requires no outer parts with the exception of intensity gracefully decoupling capacitors. It is worked with inside RTC Back up battery. It tends to be legitimately associated with Microcontrollers USART. The module is having choice for interfacing outside dynamic reception apparatus if fundamental. The GPS chipsets inside the module are structured by MediaTek Inc. ,which is the universes driving computerized media arrangement supplier and biggest fab-less IC organization in Taiwan. The module can bolster up to 51 channels. We will compose a custom article test on Gps Location Tracker or on the other hand any comparative subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page The GPS arrangement empowers little structure factor gadgets. They convey significant headways in GPS exhibitions, accuracy,integration, registering force and adaptability. They are intended to streamline the inserted framework reconciliation process. Highlights TTL asynchronousâ serial interface Data yield Baud rate: 9600 bps (Default) Single 3. 3V DC flexibly @â 55 mA (run of the mill) Standard NMEA0183 yield design Standard 8-pin header interface (. 100 dispersing). In light of MediaTek Single Chip Architecture. Measurement: 26mm x 26mm x 11. 7mm Patch Antenna Size: 25mm x 25mm x 4mm Low Power Consumption: 55mA @ securing, 40mA @ following

A Seemingly Stressful Survey

A Seemingly Stressful Survey Now I get to mention something cool that I do with my life here! It may have casually come up in the times that I’ve written here that I am a News Editor for our campus newspaper, The Tech. For me, that means one night a week in our office on the 4th floor of the student center reading through the news section, editing stories, making sure that content comes in on time, writing last minute stories, and essentially making sure that there’s stuff to go on the front page. It falls on the shoulders of me and the two other news editors to make sure that you get your bi-weekly (twice weekly) dose of news from reading our paper. Over the past month or so, as me and the other news editors were a part of the survey committee, we had to make sure there this ENTIRE spread of stories was edited and ready to run in our latest feature. If you haven’t checked it out yet, you should!  http://tech.mit.edu/V132/N59/pressure/index.htm It also includes an interview with fellow admissions blogger Lydia K! http://tech.mit.edu/V132/N59/lydiakinterview.html This feature is all about the stress that students feel while being in school here at MIT. We ran a survey starting right before Thanksgiving and got responses from 3,191 undergrads and graduate students about what makes them stressed here at the institute. I’m sure you might have heard, but MIT IS HARD! There are always things going on, work to be done, and I feel, especially after this year, that it’s very easy to take on too much. I’ll let the data and the stories speak for themselves, but remember, that even though we may feel stressed out, inadequate, even down right depressed sometimes, you don’t have to go it alone. There are a lot of resources here to help you get the support you need so you can be the best you can be during your time here. In the end, it comes down to you recognizing that you’re still awesome people. MIT might throw you for a loop, but it’s ok to make mistakes. If we didn’t make mistakes and everything was easy, how would we learn? Anyway, I spent A LOT of time in The Tech office and with Tech people getting this done. Putting it together has been a bit of a stressful process (see what I did there?), but I hope you like it.

Effects of Modern Communication Technology - 550 Words

Effects of Modern Communication Technology (Annotated Bibliography Sample) Content: Effects of Modern Communication Technology Student’s Name Course Date Annotated Bibliography Drago, E. (2015). The effect of technology on face-to-face communication. The Elon Journal of Undergraduate Research in Communications, 6(1), 13-19. In this article, Drago elaborates on the effects of electronic use in communication. The author claims that face-to-face communication has been affected negatively due to the recent adopted habits of online communication. The article provides essential information on the negative effects brought about by technology advancement in one-on-one communication. Harrington, J. L. (2011). Technology and society. London: Jones & Bartlett Publishers. In this book, the author focuses on the impact of technology on society. The book provides in-depth analysis of the changes associated with technological development and their significance in society. The book has been used to contribute significantly on both the positive and negative impacts of technology advancement in the paper. Iskandarani, M. Z. (2008). Effects of information and communication technology (ICT) on non-industrial countries-digital divide model. Journal of Computer Science, 4(4), 315-319. In this article, the author reflects on the influence of information and communication technology improvement and the need for its integration in the current systems. The author advocates for training of people and embracement of the technological changes in the society and other fields in life. In his view, technology should be accepted and integrated in the communities' infrastructure. McFarlane, D. A. (2010). Social communication in a technology-driven society: A philosophical exploration of factor-impact and consequences. American Communication Journal, 12, 1-14. This article reflects on the effects and the complexity of today's information technology. The author investigates the crisis caused by modern technology and the effectiveness of the same in the social front. Further, the author provides suggestions on the best ways to handle and improve communication efficiency in the society and work places. Raghupathi, W., Jinhui Wu, S., & Raghupathi, V. (2014). The role of information and communication technology in global sustainability. Journal of Management for Global Sustainability, 2(1), 123-145. The article focuses on the effects of ICT on development and provides measures that may be applied to lead to sustainability. Additionally, the author discusses the challenges faced by the ICT sector during its development and applications in various sectors. The author also points towards the best adaptable ICT practices that may lead to future global sustainability in the ICT world. United Nations Conference on Trade and Development. (2011). Measuring the Impacts of Information and Communication Technology for Development. Obtained from the UN Conference on Trade and Development, this document reflects on the impact of infor mation communication technology in the developed countries. The document investigates the influence of technology on the social, political and economical sectors and provides reliable information to the reader. The main focus of the document is on trade, development, finance and investment in relation to their impacts at the international level. Effects of Modern Communication Technology In the recent past, technological development has led to various changes in the human way of life. Technology advancement has contributed to diverse valuable discoveries in different sectors. Health care facilities have transformed their medical practices significantly while the business world has gone global. Human interaction has also been greatly transformed, and communication has been made affordable, effective and easily accessible. Other sectors that have benefited from changes in technology include transport, security, and environment to mention just a few. With easy access to effective and s ophisticated communication technology, information has been easily shared amongst people from different parts of the word. The business world has been noted to take advantage of available technology by using it to expand market boundaries globally. Availability of electronic payment services has lead to effective busines...

Essay on finance case vanguard international growth

Issues 1. Explain why an individual investor might want to invest in an international growth fund? 2. Describe the risk associated with making an investment in an international growth fund. Identify the risks that would be common to domestic an international funds, and those risk that would be unique to an international fund. 3. Discuss how the fact that foreign companies are not subject to the same accounting, auditing, and financial reporting standards and practices as U.S. companies poses a risk not typically encountered when investigating in the stock of U.S. companies. 4. Consider the allocation of funds assets by region. Speculate as to why the portions of fund assets are distributed in this manner. 5. Consider the country†¦show more content†¦The International Growth Fund annual report that ended in August 31, 2009 showed that 94% of the Funds portfolio was invested in 177 non U.S. stocks and 6% was in temporary cash investments. All values are presented in the tables. Analysis 1. An individual investor may want to invest in an international growth fund because of trying to expand or growth in the foreign market. Another reason would be to diversify and acquire more knowledge about the foreign economy. 2. Some risks that are common between domestic and international funds are: losing money and management risk. Any investment has some type of risk. Losing money is the first risk that every investment has whether it is domestic or international. Management risk is the bad management decisions that a company makes. Some unique risks that only international funding has are: economic risk, country/regional risk, and currency risk. Currency risk is the chance that the value of a foreign investment, measured in U.S. dollars, will decrease because of unfavorable changes in the currency exchange rates. Economic risk is the stability of a country’s economic. Country/regional risk is political, financial troubles, and natural disasters that will affect the value of securities issued by companies in foreign countries or regions. 3. Foreign companies are not subject to the same U.S. Accounting Practices the foreign stock and bond markets operate differently from theShow MoreRelatedClosing Case 13953 Words   |  4 PagesClosing Case: Chapter 13 Bonnie Jordan Managerial Finance Instructor: Kristi Rayford March 11, 2013 The Closing Case in Chapter 13 focuses on options for a 401K for an employee of the East Coast Yacht Company. Several decisions must be made regarding investments, which will be highlighted in this discussion. Equity investments can go into the S amp; P 500 or an index related option. The former has lower fees, and the latter higher ones. Other elements to be discussed include theRead More123456787123 Words   |  29 PagesGoldman Sachs while Toronto Domino Bank shows the least economic mass. When it comes to Mutual Funds, Pimco the world‘s largest mutual fund had the lowest economic mass; the exposure to the crisis could be the reason behind this. The American Funds Growth Fund of America has the highest economic mass. This study has been able to show that the Heisenberg‘s Uncertainty Principle has implications for financial institutions. For future research, one could look into applying the model for privately heldRead MoreThe Business Environment Of Nigeria And Norway Essay2728 Words   |  11 Pagescapable of affecting or influencing business activities. According to Anyanwu et al (1996) defines the environment of business as the aggregation of the pattern of all the external and internal conditions and influences that affect the existence, growth and development of the business. Opportunities and threats may be associated with external environment while the strengths and weakness may be associated with internal environment of the business (Audu, 2010a).In this paper, we will compare the businessRead MoreNotes Funds Are Superior For Hedge Funds1875 Words   |  8 Pagesbe Vanguard’s Index funds. Vanguard has a variety of index funds some including Vanguard Total Bond Market Index Fund, Vanguard Total International Bond Index Fund, Vanguard Total Stock Market Index Fund, Vanguard Total International Stock Index Fund, Vanguard Total World Stock Index Fund (Vanguard). Successful investing does not have to be a complicated matter. à ¢â‚¬Å"There is a winning strategy when it comes to playing the stock market game,† John Bogle the founder of Vanguard says, â€Å"and it boils downRead MoreEncompassing Learning through Life Cycles in the Book Lifelong Learning in the Global Knowledge Economy: Challenge for Developing Countries1608 Words   |  6 Pagesin developing countries and countries with transition economies. This book addresses 4 questions: 1, what does a national education and training system, including its formal and nonformal components, need to do to support knowledge-based economic growth? 2, how can developing countries and countries with transition economies promote lifelong learning, and what challenges do they face in doing so? 3, given limited resources, what type of governance framework promotes lifelong learning for people inRead More The Meaning of the Phrase, Beating the Market Essay example5144 Words   |  21 Pagescompanies to research. URL: http://www.thestreet.com/comment/openbook/1409370.html Dear Lou, Last Friday evening, you inducted John C. Bogle, the founder of Vanguard Funds, into the Wall $treet Week with Louis Rukeyser Hall of Fame. You correctly credited Bogle with introducing the first indexed mutual fund at Vanguard in 1975. All too often, Bogle is credited too broadly with introducing the very first index fund. In reality, he was only the first to offer index funds directly to theRead MoreAn Investigation Into Pricing Strategies of Wal-Mart in China6348 Words   |  26 Pagesincluding Everyday low price, Rollback and Special offers, and then finding on the Wal-Mart’s pricing strategies in China. In section 2 it will highlight competition of Wal-Mart and others, such as Carrefour, RT-Mart, Brilliance, China Resources Vanguard and Dashang. Then according to comparison, it will discover Wal-Mart’s currently development situation in China. Section 3 is to recommend how Wal-Mart’s pricing strategies improve in future. The part 3 is conclusion including summary and evaluationRead MoreFinancial Bubble Essay1927 Words   |  8 PagesUniversity Department of Finance ETP Graduate Investments Fall 2010 Case Discussion Questions Instructor: Professor Edward H. Chow å‘ ¨Ã¨ ¡Å'ä ¸â‚¬ Case study: financial bubble Case: Trouble with a bubble (9-808-067) 1. Why did Irving Fisher believe that stock prices had reached a permanently high plateau? 2. Why did the stock market crash in 1929? 3. Why did influential individuals like Fisher, Keynes and Rockefeller believe that the downturn would only be temporary? Case study: investment bankingRead MoreTesla Business evaluation4327 Words   |  18 Pagesmore than 2000 employees globally working for the company in the manufacturing, design and in the 31 stores and service locations spread worldwide. Although not the only producer of entirely electrically powered vehicles, Tesla is renowned as the vanguard of the market. Tesla is the only one to offer high-performance EVs at a highly competitive price. In 2008 Tesla launched the Tesla Roadster, the first solely electric sports car which became a worldwide sensation, exhibiting high-end performanceRead MoreSmall Scale Entreprise in Nigeria: Issues and Prospects4421 Words   |  18 Pageshave played and continue to play significant roles in the growth, development and industrialisation of many economies the world over. In Nigeria, the SSEs have performed below expectation due to a combination of problems. This situation has been of great concern to the government, citizenry, practitioners, operators and the organised private sector groups. Small businesses are generally regarded as the driving force of economic growth, job creation, and poverty reduction in developing countries

The Effects Of Domestic Violence On Women Essay - 1246 Words

The first key question that the authors Alaggia, Regehr Rishchynski, (2009) are to figure out that how come there is not addressed the domestic violence and continue to persist as a social problem affecting a large number of Canadian Women. The authors are trying to answer this question giving some statistics, how the women are abused from their partner, such as the violence reported when the relationship is ended, and is some other case the violence starts after the separation. Furth more the authors mention another key answer that I think could be a question, is what are the effects of domestic violence? Alaggia, Regehr Rishchynski underline the effects of violence against women, and is very important to show what are is not only the injury but health, and mental health. The authors want to say that women are abused and pass to different health, emotional disorder. Alaggia, Regehr Rishchynski, mention that the â€Å"World Health Organization revealed that women who reported intimate partner violence reported significantly poorer health status, emotional distress, and both suicidal ideation and attempts† (Alaggia, Regehr Rishchynski , 2009, p. 335) Moreover, another important question that the authors want to answer and give important information to people that do not know is: Why immigrant women do not use services and report their abuse and violence that are passing through? Alaggia, Regehr Rishchynski, answered immigrant and refugee women have many obstacles whenShow MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Domestic Violence On Women1654 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction Violence against women has been recognised internationally by the world Health Organization (WHO, 2013).Women has been facing different types of violence since the age of 15 such as physical, emotional or verbal abuse. The highest prevalence of domestic violence (DV) is from their intimate partner/perpetrator both physical emotional (WHO, 2013). It has been depicted by the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS, 2013) that rate of domestic violence against women by their intimateRead MoreThe Effects Of Domestic Violence On Women1652 Words   |  7 PagesDomestic violence is present in all regions of the world regardless of race, culture, or religion. It is not uncommon for men to experience spousal abuse. However, in reality abuse done by men towards women is a much more common occurrence. Men often abuse women as a result of negative domestic relationships experienced during childhood, the feeling of inadequacy and mental illness. However, the leading cause for this behaviour is the feeling of inferiority and the need to exert power. StereotypicallyRead MoreThe Effects Of Domestic Violence On Women1601 Words   |  7 Pagesquestions that women who suffer from domestic violence ask themselves everyday. Thousands of women every year face abuse from their male partners. It is estimated that three women a day are murdered in the US everyday by a current or past male partner (Huffington Post), therefore proving that an argument between two people in love can result in more than just heartbreak. Partner abuse against women is an epidemic that needs to be addressed. Domestic violence is a very serious issue that women face in modernRead MoreDomestic Violence And Its Effects On Women1599 Words   |  7 PagesDomestic violence is a large social issue around the world that is commonly associated with the mistreatment of women. However, there are many different forms of domestic violence that affect men, women, and children (Domestic Violence 1). Victims of domes tic violence may suffer not only physically, but emotionally and mentally as well. Domestic violence is a very important social issue because it negatively affects both the abuser and the victim. In the article, â€Å"Domestic Violence and Abuse: TypesRead MoreThe Effects Of Domestic Violence On Women1362 Words   |  6 PagesDomestic violence is a sensitive topic even though media and society are providing more information about this topic. Domestic violence not only affects women but children and family in general. This issue is a very sensitive topic and not a lot of individuals are comfortable talking about it or sharing if they have either experience or have someone in their lives that had been subjected to abuse. Sadly, domestic violence is experienced by many people and it does not matter what race, gender, socialRead MoreThe Effects Of Domestic Violence On Women2258 Words   |  10 Pagespossible effects of witnessing domestic violence as a child. Use psychological theory to explain your answer. Research has continuously shown that men are the primary perpetrators of violence and women being the victims which has led to increased awareness of the effects of Domestic violence on women. However, what researchers have failed to acknowledge is that women too can be perpetrators of violence and abuse against their partners and children (World Health Organisation, 2012). Although women canRead MoreThe Effects Of Domestic Violence On Women889 Words   |  4 PagesDomestic violence can often go unnoticed, unreported and undeterred before it’s too late. Unfortunately, recent awareness efforts have gathered traction only when public outcry for high profile cases are magnified through the media. Despite this post-measured reality, a general response to domestic violence (DV) and intimate partner violence (IPV) by the majority of the public is in line with what most consider unacceptable and also with what the law considers legally wrong. Consider by many, moreRead MoreDomestic Violence And Its Effects On Women1183 Words   |  5 Pagesfrom there. Everyone in a homebound affiliation is at risk of obtaining a violent status. Domestic violence has had the grandest impact on women. It can be found all over the world, within various countries. Domestic violence has a harsh, negative, and destructive influence on women; domestic violence can lead to em otional, physical, and psychological damage. Domestic violence is defined as an act of violence within the household. The aforementioned is one of the most underestimated and underreportedRead MoreThe Effects Of Domestic Violence Towards Women2023 Words   |  9 Pages Domestic violence towards women is a problem that is often overlooked by society. Violence is defined in Webster s Dictionary as: â€Å" Physical force employed so as to damage or injure. As an instance of violent action.† (Webster) If this is the case, then why is it that so many women are beaten by loved ones each year? And little or nothing is done to correct this violent situation? A battered woman is pictured by most people as a small and flimsy person who might once have been pretty. SheRead MorePhysical and Psychological Effects of Domestic Violence on Women1593 Words   |  7 Pages â€Å"Domestic violence is the leading cause of injury to women in the United States† (Jones 87). Every twelve seconds, a woman is beaten by a man (Jones 6). Every nine days, a woman is murdered by her husband or boyfriend (Jones 7). Statistics like these outline the severity and seriousness of the domestic violence epidemic in this country. Unfortunately, it has taken lawmakers too long to recognize domestic violence as a devastating situation that affects millions of people both physically

My Personal Philosophy of Special Education Essay

My personal philosophy of special education drives not from teaching in the field, but from, observations, and personal experience, and the workshops I attended. I have had the opportunity to work with individuals with special needs in many different settings, all this help cultivate my knowledge in handling the needs of the special needed student. Special needs students have the ability to learn, to function, to grow, and most importantly to succeed. The difference comes into how they learn or how they need to be taught. There are as many beliefs about the hows as there are teachers and each of us forms our own philosophy through our experiences and research. As a student in a special education teachers’ program, learners with†¦show more content†¦There should also be hands-on time to include this strength, using magnet boards or sentence strips. Students with learning disabilities do have the ability to overcome the disability; it is just a matter of building on strengths and finding new ways that work for the student to learn. It is not that students with learning disabilities have something wrong with them, they only learn in a different way. In fact, all students learn differently and focusing on each students strengths would benefit them greatly in their education. As teachers, we should apply methods we use in Special Education to all students. For instance, using accommodations such as graphic organizers or flexible means of presentation helps all students excel. The graphic organizers assist with students overall understanding and attention during the lessons. The flexible means of presentation such as lecture, group work, and hands on work allows all students to learn the material as they each have a different primary mode of learning visual, auditory, kinesthetic, and tactile. As an educator, it is my job to find new ways for my students to learn that coincides with their particular learning style and takes advantage of the ir strengths. In all practical terms, this will mean finding new ways for each of my students to learn in their own particular way. As a whole, my students will need more reason to learn with authentic experiences, hands-onShow MoreRelatedMy Personal Philosophy Of Special Education878 Words   |  4 Pages This is a Summary about my personal Philosophy of Special Education. I will be giving my thoughts on the Purpose of schooling, Nature of Learners, Curriculum, Instructional Methods, Classroom management, Assessment practices and Professional relationships with family and community. Purpose of Schooling Special education has been a very important topic through the years since the beginning of the education program in the United States because of its philosophy on inclusion and educating individualsRead More My Philosophy of Teaching Essay1400 Words   |  6 PagesPhilosophy of Education Education is something that every person should be given the chance to attain. It is vital for all people young, old, mentally impaired, ADHD, or whatever characteristic they may encompass. I believe everyone has the right to learn and be taught in an school environment. The law passed in 1975, P.L. 94-142, made numerous changes in the way certain children with special needs was being treated in the public school system. With the update in 1991, IDEA (IndividualsRead MorePhilosophy of Education985 Words   |  4 PagesMy Personal Philosophy of Special Education Christina L. Richardson Grand Canyon University: SPE-529N November 18, 2012 My Personal Philosophy of Special Education As educators, we need a foundation for why we want to teach, where students with different disabilities fit in that foundation, a rationale for how we teach, and a principle that keeps us striving to be the best educators we can be. The purpose of this essay is to point out what I believe the foundation, student location, rationaleRead MoreEssay on Educational Goals and Philosophy956 Words   |  4 PagesEducational Goals and Philosophies My life has been greatly influenced by family members who are educators: my mother is a third grade teacher, my father an elementary school principal, my sister a high school English teacher, and my brother who obtains a degree in agricultural education. This has instilled in me the desire to become, like them, a good educator but is defiantly not the only reason for my decision to peruse teaching as an occupation. There are several reasons why I haveRead MoreDr. Combs . . . . . . . Educators Preserve Technique Before738 Words   |  3 PagesHowever, learners retain brilliant approach ahead of comprehending findings. I acquire a personal philosophy through reading chapter three chapter 4 in Foundations of American Education. My personal philosophy is Behaviorism seeing it is similar to the school I worked at as an Teacher’s Assistant. The ideas are similar to what I do currently. The ensuing paper presents my philosophy on special education seeing purpose of sch ooling, nature of learnings, curriculum, instructional methods, classroomRead MoreGeneral And Special Education Teachers Face Today1260 Words   |  6 PagesThere are many issues that general and special education teachers face today. The goal of both of these types of teachers should be that they try their best to make their students succeed. Teaching can be very difficult and people that are passionate about it should do it. However, many general and special education teachers face many challenges throughout their teaching careers that make teaching difficult for them. One issue that teachers lack today is lack of proper coaching from school staffRead MoreGeneral And Special Education Teachers Face Today1260 Words   |  6 PagesThere are many issues that general and special education teachers face today. The goal of both of these types of teachers should be that they try their best to make their students succeed. Teaching can be very difficult and people that are passionate about it should do it. However, many general and special education teachers face many challenges throughout their teaching careers that make teaching difficult for them. One issue that teachers lack today is lack of proper coaching from school staffRead MoreA Personal Philosophy Of Education869 Words   |  4 Pagesthe healthcare field continues to evolve so must the nursing education system. Personal Philosophy of Education A personal philosophy of education is important to all Nurse Educators. It allows for the Nurse Educator to truly take time to reflect and reconnect to themselves and their profession; highlighting what is central and sacred to them as an individual, a nurse, and an educator. I believe that my personal philosophy of education will continue to progress and change just as healthcare andRead More Behaviorism and the Never-Ending Need for Discipline Essays1219 Words   |  5 Pagesdictionary defines education as â€Å"the act or process of training by a prescribed or customary course or study of discipline.† I, however, see it as much more. Education, in my perspective, is the greatest gift a human can receive. I want to be one of the many caring individuals that can give this priceless gift- I want to be a teacher. There are many current trends and philosophies when dealing with education. Behaviorism, the philosophy of education in which I regard, will be incorporated into m y classroomRead MoreNursing Philosophy : Nursing And Nursing Essay1660 Words   |  7 Pages Nursing Philosophy Nursing philosophy is defined as a nurse or students thought of what they believe to be true about the nature of the profession of nursing and to provide a base for nursing practice. (2016, para.1) The nursing field continues to develop into a professional scope of practice and nurses continue to work to develop a high standard for the profession. The values and skills that nurses’ learn as they care for patients continue to develop into rules and regulations for future nurses

W.E.B. Du Bois Essay - 1794 Words

W.E.B. Du Bois Few men have influenced the lives of African-Americans as much as William Edward Burghardt (W.E.B.) Du Bois is considered more of a history-maker than a historian(Aptheker, The Historian). Dr. Du Bois conducted the initial research on the black experience in the United States. Civil rights leaders such as Martin Luther King Jr. have referred to Du Bois as a father of the Civil Rights Movement. Du Bois conducted the initial research on the black experience in the United States, and paved the way for the Pan-African and Black Power movements. This paper will describe his life, work, influence in the black community, and much publicized civil dispute with another black leader, Booker T. Washington. Du Bois was born†¦show more content†¦The same year the dissertation was published, Du Bois began to teach Latin, Greek, German, and English at Wilberforce University in Ohio. After teaching for several years, Du Bois conducted an exhaustive study of the social an d economic conditions of urban blacks in Philadelphia in 1896 and 1897. The results were published in the Philadelphia Negro (1899). This was the first sociological text on a black community published in the United States. In 1897 Du Bois moved to Atlanta University, where he taught economics and history for more than a decade. His most widely acclaimed work, The Souls of Black Folk (1903) was published during his time in Atlanta. With The Souls of Black Folk, Du Bois had begun to challenge the leadership of Booker T. Washington, a fellow educator who was then the most influential and admired black in the United States. Washington, who had faith in the future of his race in the country, believed that hard work, patience, and self pride would build their character and eventually earn them their civil rights. This is evident in Washingtons The Future of the American Negro. He shows the impatient extremists within the Negroes of the North whose ill-considered, incendiary utteran ces tend to add to the burdens of our people in the South rather than relieve them. (Washington, Discovering Authors) During the Atlanta Exposition, Washington gave aShow MoreRelatedEssay about W.e.b Du Bois1004 Words   |  5 Pages W.E.B Du Bois nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;quot;One ever feels his two-ness. An American, a Negro; two souls, two thoughts, two warring ideals in one dark body whose dogged strength alone keeps it from being torn asunder.quot; This was how William E. B. Du Bois described how it felt to be a Negro in the beginning of the twentieth century in his book The Souls of Black Folk. W.E.B. Du Bois, was a black editor, historian, sociologist, and a leader of the civil rights movement in the United StatesRead MoreEssay William Edward Burghardt Du Bois or W.E.B. Du Bois3534 Words   |  15 PagesWilliam Edward Burghardt Du Bois or W.E.B. Du Bois William Edward Burghardt Du Bois – known simply as W.E.B. – was 83 when the government indicted him as a foreign agent in 1951. The only crime he had committed, however, was circulating the Stockholm Appeal, which said any government to use an atomic weapon against another country should be treated as a war criminal. After spending six months in disgrace and paying $35,150 for his defense, the government dismissed its case against him. TheRead MoreHarlem Renaissance: W.E.B. Du Bois.1617 Words   |  7 PagesHarlem Renaissance: W.E.B. Du Bois. William Edward Burghardt Du Bois was a major sociologist historian, writer, editor, political activist, and cofounder of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP). During the Harlem renaissance and through his editorship of crisis magazine, he actively sought and presented the literary genius of black writers for the entire world to acknowledge and honor (Gale schools, 2004). Du Bois was born on February 23, 1868 in great BarringtonRead MoreBooker T.Washington and W.E.B. Du Bois Essay1184 Words   |  5 Pageswritten by W.E.B. Du Bois he said, â€Å"The sincere and passionate belief that somewhere between men and cattle God created a tertium quid, and called it a negro† (Du Bois). In the late 19th and 20th centuries a strong push for economic and social progress for African-Americans was being made. The prominent leaders of this movement amongst the Black community were Booker T. Washington and W.E.B. Du Bois, however they had very differing views on how to achieve this goal (PBS.org). Washington and Du Bois essentiallyRead MoreW.E.B. Du Bois vs. Booker T. Washington1344 Words   |  6 PagesA Clash of Ideologies: W.E.B. Du Bois vs. Booker T. Washington During the turn of the century, between the years 1895 and 1915 there were many theories of how African Americans were going to achieve first-class citizenship. At this time first-class citizenship was determined by at least three aspects: political power, civil rights, and the higher education of Negro youth. Two prominent black leaders arose in order to accomplish this feat. They had two different ideas for one goal. These two blackRead MoreEssay on W.E.B. Du Bois and Booker T. Washington1240 Words   |  5 PagesW.E.B. Du Bois and Booker T. Washington were two very influential leaders in the black community during the late 19th century, early 20th century. However, they both had different views on improvement of social and economic standing for blacks. Booker T. Washington, an ex-slave, put into practice his educational ideas at Tuskegee, which opened in 1881. Washington stressed patience, manual training, and hard work. He believed that blacks should go to school, learn skills, and work their way up theRead MoreEssay on W.E.B. Du Bois and Booker T. Washington864 Words   |  4 PagesW.E.B. Du Bois and Booker T. Washington Two great leaders of the African American community in the late 19th and early 20th century were W.E.B. Du Bois and Booker T. Washington. They disagreed on strategies for African American social and economic progress in the face of prejudice, poverty, and segregation: Booker T. Washington, a former slave and the founder of the Tuskegee Institute in Alabama, believed that African Americans needed to accept segregation and discrimination for theRead More Booker T. Washington and W.E.B. Du Bois Influences on Equality594 Words   |  3 Pagesexcept as a result of hard work.† In the age of reconstruction and western expansion, civil rights bursted out like a bullet from a gun. Two men led the way into the civil rights movement, but in very different customs. Booker T. Washington and W.E.B. Du Bois both were huge influences to civil rights, one founding what we know today as the NAACP and the other spoke of a philosophy known as the Atlanta Compromise. Booker T. Washington has a compelling story of sorts. He was born into slavery and climbedRead More W.E.B Du Bois vs. Booker T Washington Essay2087 Words   |  9 PagesBooker T. Washington and W.E.B Du Bois. They were both African-American leaders in the late 1800’s to early 1900’s, fighting for social justice, education and civil rights for slaves, and both stressed education. This was a time when blacks were segregated and discriminated against. Both these men had a vision to free blacks from this oppression. While they came from different backgrounds, Washington coming from a plantation in Virginia where he was a slave, and Du Bois coming from a free home inRead MoreThe Strategies of Booker T. Washington and W.E.B. Du Bois: Uncovered1925 Words   |  8 PagesMikayla Ferchaw Pd. 4/5 DBQ for Booker T. Washington vs. W.E.B. Du Bois The Strategies of Booker T. Washington and W.E.B. Du Bois: Uncovered The time period of 1877 to 1915 was a period in history when the people of the Black race were being granted a free status, but equality, on the other hand, was not an option to some higher white officials. During this time period, many leaders started to fight for what they believed in by appealing to the white governing body for social equality. Two

The Author of “Facing It” Free Essays

The way one speaks and acts coming out of war is traumatic not only to the human body but the mind as well. If we the reader didn’t know that the author of â€Å"Facing It† Yusef Komunyakaa, was a war veteran, I would guarantee that after reading his poem you would have concluded that he was. What is striking about his work it that Yusef uses words that you wouldn’t typical put together to make you understand what he, the writer is seeing and facing- hence the poem â€Å"Facing It†. We will write a custom essay sample on The Author of â€Å"Facing It† or any similar topic only for you Order Now By reading the poem in your head or even out loud you could tell that the author’s tone of voice is very heartbroken, he feels this conflicting pain within himself, that could only be expressed through poetry. Yusef explains his feelings and what he’s experiencing out side post-war. His work depicts a certain metaphor in which he talks about the Vietnam veteran memorial wall, as like a mirror in which he’s not in or on. As a result of that, he writes them down as poems and comes up with beautiful analogies, that from a psychological critique, raises questions about what he is trying to convey throughout the war. Psychology is a way for humans to find the deeper meaning behind a person’s word. As I break down Yusef’s poem and try to find the deeper meaning, I will not only be talking about his internal struggle between his experience with war, but also the internal battle that Yusef faces between him and himself, and how he work to overcome it. The very first verse in Yusef poem â€Å"My black face fades, hiding inside the black granite, I said I wouldn’t dammit: no tears I am stone I am flesh†.(lines 1-3) Starts off by not only talking about his race but psychologically his memory as well. According to Floyd, Pilar analyzed version of â€Å"Facing It† Yusef face fades into the granite of the memorial. He looks back upon his memories and sees them as black and white- as humans tend to do in dreams. He sees the white engraved names on the black granite. When relating the two together, he explains how he is hiding- he can not see himself in the black granite, not only because of his pigment but because he feels strongly and more guilty that his name isn’t up on that wall unlike the rest of his fellow soldiers. â€Å"No tears I am stone I am flesh†(line 4) can only refer to the idea that he like the granite is stone. However because he is alive he remains this warm living flesh that is capable of crying even though he refers to himself as stone. Yusef uses metaphors and analogies as a way from hiding his true self. We wants to remain strong- stone, but alas he is struggling between to states he’d like to be in: life or death. Not only is this a battle for Yuself, we begin to see a battle that struggles between Yusef and himself when coming to terms with reality. â€Å"My clouded reflections eyes me†( line 5 ). Clouded meaning the tears that are progressing, or this idea that Yuself himself is clouded. When someone stands far away from a reflection, there image becomes clouded, as if it were disappearing, and in this case Yusef wanted to, but the granite was standing in his way, along with himself. As the reader I took this to mean he was accepting himself and the war, therefor backing away from it. When the statement eyes it â€Å"eyes me† meaning its looking back, can mean that his reflection is looking back at him or he is looking within himself. He realized and expected that its the granite thats not moving, its him who has to walk away but can not. Yuself is a victim of war † like a bird of prey†( line 7 )he is victimizing himself and the names on the granite are what’s analyzing him. Emotional, everything becomes a reminder to a victim of war. According to Floyd, Pilar he’s accepting that wherever he goes there will always be a reminder, it’s not escaping him. Yusef is getting a sense of his surroundings. â€Å"I turn this way- the stone lets me go†( line 8 ) he turns the other way and there is the memorial again. As he tries to walk away, he is realizing there is no walking away, because he’s always capable of turning in another direction and ending up back where he left off. From a psychological standpoint, I would say not only does he not want to be apart from the memorial but he is also accepting to the idea that is ok to turn around and not stare into it for a while. Just as he is about to walk away he comes rights back and realizes how many names are upon the memorial. â€Å"I go down 58,022 names half-expecting to find my own in letters like smoke†( line 15 ). There is a sense of guilt in this sentence, you can almost feel that he wants his name there but also he doesn’t. I say this because Yusef uses the term smoke. Smoke meaning a hundred different reason, but in this case smoke can mean something clear. According to Floyd, Pilar she states that in this cause the word smoke means easily attainable and easy enough to disappear. Here you can see that Yusef is struggling with himself, he feels this sense of responsibility and guilt. As a living individuale, Yusef like smoke can vanish and reappear when he pleases, unlike those names on the wall that will that will never. With this it gives Yusef this reassurance that he is truly alive because his name cannot be found on that list. However he still is a victim and struggles everyday with this thought of violence and lose. To people like us it’s a wall with names, to Yusef it’s an important memory. Once again Yusef finds himself in a mental state, similar to the one in the beginning of the poem. Where he is considering the possibilities of life and death, the internal struggle between him and himself. Yusef sees a veteran come out of the wall and rush through him, as talked about in class this image that Yusef see’s is similar to what could be a ghost. As stated in an analyzed version of â€Å"Facing It† Floyd, Pillars take on this statement she says that Yusef like the veteran with one arm has also lost something from the war, that being his piece of mind. I took this to mean that Yusef walks though life day by day struggling still because the difference between what we think is a ghost and Yusef himself, is that Yusef still lives. † In the black mirror a woman trying to erase names, no she is brushing a boys hair†( line 29) This was a very difficult analogy to break down, however as the reader, I read it to mean that Yusef is having a difficult time distinguishing the difference between memories from the war and memories of life. He wants to believe that everything is going to be ok and that nobody is hurt, but that’s not the case. He wants to be like everyone else, but he can’t. Why can’t other be more like him? From here on end Yusef’s every move, every statement, and every action will be an impact from his decisions and his actions from the war. He lives life trying to find the difference between fantasy and reality, the difference between life and death, and what he expresses in his last stanza is that nobody will understand and not many people care, unless they themselves are like Yusef. As a result Yusef faces with many psychological struggles, but like many they take time to comprehend and understand. Throughout the poem you see how Yusef fluctuates his emotions about what he sees and feels while looking at the memorial. Yusef faces many things, because the war in himself and in his head isn’t over. He attempts to overcome the nightmares and grief he faces, but concludes that’ll unlike many people, he has a privilege of understand the importance of this piece of granite, that many don’t seem to appreciate. Each stanza of Yusef’s poem is a way of expressing his internal battle. Each idea shows that Yusef is trying to overcome something in himself but looking at everything though different perspectives. At one point he’s a bird looking at himself, next his image fades into the black granite. Yusef stands on this fine line between life and death and attempts to break down the difference between the two given his struggle. In learning that it’s he who holds him back, Yusef learns to live with the way he looks and faces life. Getting back to the real world is just as difficult as being in war. Yusef seems to understand the meaning of everything but just doesn’t understand why it has to be like that which is why he is internally struggling with himself. How to cite The Author of â€Å"Facing It†, Papers

Islamic Economics A Short History

Question: Describe about the Islamic Economics? Answer: The economic challenge and crisis in our times are as distressing and deep as ever thus they cannot be ignored. In his pioneering work Dr Muhammad Umer Chapras examines the academic rigor and sophistication that the Islamic countries need to form the strategies that can be within the framework of welfare state, socialism and capitalism.(Khan, 2000) The objective of Shariah law is to promote peoples welfare. Many centrally planned economies that were claimed to secure the goals have failed thus the Islamic countries are facing a serious crisis. (Wilson, 2006) The twin objectives of distributional equity and social justice can be embedded in a market dominated economy and this can be done by the help of the conventional finance theory. As Franco Modigliani and Merton H Miller have explained in the American Economic Review that a physical asset is only worth acquiring when it increases the profit for its owners. But this profit can only increase if yield is exceeding the interest. The twin objectives can be achieved for an Islamic economy when the notion of risk discount that can be subtracted from the yield. This book by Professor Mirakhor et al was written, the credit crisis has led to a major re-evaluation of the major pillars of the modern theory of finance the efficient market hypothesis and the random walk behavior of asset prices. However, all pointers are still indicating that the problem rests with the management of risk and the way it is transferred or shared. There does not appear to be any fool proof way of transferring risk. Indeed, a lot of private risk seems to have been transferred to the taxpayer. This has led to the adage that modern finance has become a scheme tomonopolise profits and socialize losses. The Islamic finance is based on legal reductionism, theological and financial reductionism but the bigger picture of the Islamic finance is being prevented. We need a better understanding of the Islamic finance as it should be based on social justice without stopping individual enterprise. Chapra conducted a research on it as the Islamic finance should be based on need f ulfillment, equity, stability and growth. The twin objectives can be embedded in the market dominated economy by strongly motivating that the individual renders his own interest along with the interest of the entire society. The political, economic and social institutions along with public finances should be reformed to minimize the unnecessary and wasteful consumption of consumption. According to modern finance Islamic finance have to eliminate Riba to have a more stable banking. As equity based system that does not guarantees value of shocks and deposits to asset positions will keep the value of deposits the same. As Islam believes in time value of money should enable the interest rates to be allowed. The balance between the society, shareholder, environmental interests and employee has to be achieved to obtain conventional accounting. Social values and ethics are inseparable when it comes to finance and economics. In the last forty years the movement related to the Islamic finance and economics is gaining momentum. (Kenneth, 2002)There are many issues in the nature of the Islamic finance some of them are as follows:- Methodology of Islamic economy Risk management, transparency and implications of the Islamic financial institutions Numerous problems with corporate governance Performance evaluation Conventional finance is thus in a similardilemma to the Islamic economists. Whilst they realize the utility of the markets, they areforced to see the limitations of markets, both due to market failures in key areas and theinfectious impact of greed. The present financial sector is all about non bank financial institutions, banks and financial markets.(Clode, 2002) But all of these types are opaque whether it is risks, asset holdings and returns. In a traditional setup the banks investment portfolio and performance related to the investment is not made public on a daily basis.(El Hawary, 2004) Information related to the assets is made available and that to on an aggregate level at a low frequency. This causes the issue of asymmetric information. It is a public policy objective to protect the depositor/investor interests. Greater responsibility and role on the part of the regulators in the banking sector is required because the regulators have access to information. The lack of transpa rency in these institutions has many pros as well as many cons. The appointed management or the bank shareholders have control on the investment decisions but until and unless the risk profile and interests are aligned with the depositors the issue will exist. These issues give rise to moral hazard and adverse selection. These risks that are being experienced by the Islamic banks are also faced by the investment deposit holders. This causes an overall risk that has implications on the banks. These profit smoothening practices in turn weakens the market discipline as there is a reduction in the informational role of the rate of return. This rate of return plays a vital role in the bank performance and its evaluation. The Islamic banks and conventional banks are different as the natures of risks they take are also quite different. In a conventional bank a role of renting out money is played purely thus the risk that they take is the credit risk that emerges from the worth of the finan ced property. Other risks like legal risk, contract performance risk and interest rate risk also exist. But the Islamic bank is not a pure financial intermediary as it participates in the business to earn a margin or has some type of profit-loss sharing arrangement. This has many direct risks such as liquidity risk, market risk, operational risks and credit risks. This sharing of the risk and loss between the bank and the account holder can be very beneficial and healthy for the economy. Even stability of the financial sector can be achieved through this. This type of arrangement can absorb the economic shocks in a better way. But there are numerous risks which cannot be covered by the risk management strategies of the normal conventional banks. The emphasis on mitigation has to be devised to mutual sharing of unavoidable risks and also to avoid risks. This can ve achieved by devising ways to measure these risks. These risks have to integrated and analysed to manage them on a system atic level. A paper written by Sundarajan is about Risk measurement and Disclosure in Islamic Finance and implications of Profit Sharing investment accounts which addresses issues related to risk measurement.(Sundarajan, 2002) These issues can be addressed through supervision, proper management and regulation. (Sundarajan V. , 2004)A greater disclosure is needed in treatment and report of the changing profit equalization reserves. These reserves influence the risk that the bank has to take. The profit sharing between the investment account holder and shareholders have been limited and usually the losses are absorbed by the shareholders. (Greuning, 2000)This situation is called displaced commercial risk as it is the increased risk that is absorbed by the banks shareholders. (Archer, 2002)They require regulatory incentives by linking the capital relief in case of loss or profit to the actual risk that is being borne by the account holders. (DeLorenzo, 2002) In case of transparency the Islamic banks need an effective disclosure and constraints such as the human resource have to be solved. Muljawan in his paper A design of Islamic banking rating system: An integrative approach suggest that the operational soundness in the Islamic banks can be achieved by attuning the nature of the Islamic banks.(Muljawan, 2006) Some of the aspects where the adjustments will be needed are:- Considering profit distribution Some risks that are not part of the conventional banking have to be recognized and adjusted Along with Shariah compliance, Islamic values and norms should be incorporated The need to develop best practices and mechanisms to protect the interest of the stakeholder is a must. This will go a long way in realizing the economic benefits for the Islamic financial system. (Visser, 2008)Every institution draws its legitimacy and strength from the religious and social acceptance from the society. Thus the Islamic banks should abide by the norms and rules to gain public confidence. Profit sharing and risk sharing have to be promoted to achieve some socially desirable results. References Ahmed, H. (2004). Role of Zakat and Awkaf in Poverty Alleviation. IDB (IRTI) , 201-230. Ahsan, P. S. (2000). Theories of Ownership and Islam: A Case Study of The Islamic Republic of Iran. 9 Rev. of Islamic Economics , 127-143. Archer, S. a. (2002). Islamic Finance: Innovation and Growth . London : Euro Money Books. Clode, M. (2002). Regulatory Issues of Islamic Finance. London: Euro Money Books. DeLorenzo, Y. (2002). "The religious foundation of Islamic finance". London: Euro Money Books. El Hawary, D. W. (2004). Regulating Islamic Finanical institutions- The nature if the regulated. Policy research working paper 3227 , 56-79. Greuning, G. a. (2000). Analyzing Banking risk:A framework for asessing Corporate governance and financial risk management. Washington:DC: The world Bank. Kenneth, B. (2002). Risk Mangement in Islamic Banks. London : Euro Money Books. Khan, C. M. (2000). Regulation and supervison of Islamic Banks. Occasional paper 3 , 112-115. Muljawan, D. (2006). "A design of Islamic banking ratinmg system". Journal of Banking and Finance , 255-77. Sundarajan, V. a. (2002). Islamic Financial institutions and products in the global Financial system:key issues in risk management and challenges ahead". IMF working paper WP/02/192 , 150-166. Sundarajan, V. (2004). Devevlopment of competitive and innovative Islamic financial products and markets:Key issues policy implications ". International seminar on challenges facing the islamic financial services industry , 89-96. Visser, M. P. (2008). . The A to Z of Corporate Social Responsibility:A Complete Reference Guide to Concepts, Codes and Organisations. US: Wiley. Wilson, A. E. (2006). Islamic Economics: A Short History. US: BRILL. Wilson, R. (2011). The Islamic Economic Doctrine: A Comparative Study". International Journal of Islamic and Middle Eastern Finance and Management , 104 106.

The Death Penalty Should Be Upheld By The Government Because Countless

The death penalty should be upheld by the government because countless dollars are spent holding criminals in jail. Also jails are more overpopulated than ever. What really annoys people is that these cold-hearted criminals are put on parole after only serving several years. Being against killing is okay, but putting a life to rest in order to save more lives makes more sense. Criminals live an easy life in prison, and they probably dont think twice about their crime. First of all, people pay taxes for prisoners to live a healthy lifestyle. Criminals eat, sleep, and are even given an education. All these excessive luxuries will be taken from most of the prisoners who deserve the death penalty. The death row cellmates will be put on a strict watch of what they do. When we get more prisoners on death row who will eventually die we will save money that we usually pay to keep prisoners in jail. People who are against the death penalty probably did not have someone close to them taken away by a murderer. The families and friends of victims have a right to justice. Seeing the horror one person or a couple can bring to many should send a message to the public that this should stop. Many people will agree that the death penalty is just. In addition the death penalty can lower crime. The way a criminal should be put to death should be taken into consideration. It should be determined by what they did to deserve the death penalty. The retaliation of the government on a criminal should be derived from An eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth way of thinking. This issue should be debated after the death penalty is put into affect. Recent views raise a new question on an ancient punishment. People killed their own kind since we were around; the reasons are the same since then too. Cold-blooded murders have always taken place because of jealousness, the beast in man, and greed. The law should be laid down to keep people in line and from destructing everything that is good. The death penalty is not an evil punishment; its the person who committed such a crime who deserves the death penalty.

Strategies For Studying the APA Exam

Strategies For Studying the APA ExamThere are several good strategies for studying the APA Exam to take advantage of the advertising analysis essay sample that many individuals will get. In addition, it is important to select the best reading materials that will be able to effectively examine the topics that will be covered during the APA exam. In this essay, I will provide you with some tips on how to effectively review your examination and make use of the successful strategies that will help you pass the test.It is very important that you spend time preparing a study session before the actual examination. This is the only way that you will be able to ensure that you will prepare as well as you can. After all, it is important that you spend the most time possible reviewing the important information about the entire content of the examination.When you start to study the information, you should choose a short study period during which you will cover all of the information that will be presented during the review period. It is very important that you get all of the information about the content of the examination. However, it is essential that you do not make any changes in your schedule until you finish reading the whole content. This is because it is very likely that there are changes that are made in the content during the review period that will be examined during the actual examination.During the review period, you should also consider discussing the areas that you find to be the most difficult. For example, it may be necessary to review the APA Section 14 exam. If you were to discover that one of the concepts that you will need to discuss is essay writing, you should ensure that you are able to cover all of the material that will be presented during the review period.In addition, you should also create an outline that outlines all of the different parts of the essay. In addition, you should also consider working on the outline while you are reading the mate rial. This is because you will find that some sections of the essay will contain information that may seem difficult to remember, but they will eventually come into play during the actual examination.The best strategy that you can follow when you are studying for the APA exam is to create a study routine that will allow you to cover the material as well as possible. Although it is essential that you thoroughly review the topics that you will be tested on, it is also important that you prepare for the content of the test by studying in depth. By working to understand the content of the exam, you will be able to answer the questions that will be presented during the examination.After completing the review period, you should ensure that you read all of the reading materials available. There are several study guides that will help you fully understand the content of the content of the examination. Furthermore, you should ensure that you review all of the material that you have successfu lly reviewed.

Stereotypes Essay Example

Stereotypes Essay Example Stereotypes Essay Stereotypes Essay In todays’ society it seems as though everyone is placed into a stereotype that has been developed of every race and how everyone within that race acts/or is. Stereotyping is an issue that affects all races and gender. If someone were to ask what is a women supposed to do when they grow up, is the typical response still to get married, be a stay at home wife and mother, while the father figure of the family goes to work to support the family? What about the women who don’t want to stay at home, the women who want to go and have a career? Stereotypes are present in everyday life, placing the idea that you are only allowed to do what is described in that stereotype. Women are not only affected by what a typical women should do stereotype, but as well as race stereotypes or stereotypes that are based on characteristics that are attained. Women are slowly, but surely starting to change the typically stereotype of them along with proving that they are more than just this object they are looked at as. Stereotypes are present in our lives from when we are a young age. Children’s’ television shows are just as guilty of this problem as regular television shows are. Dora the Explorer, for example, that teaches Spanish to children. But, the main character Dora is of course Hispanic, giving the impression that Hispanic people always speak Spanish to young children who have not been exposed to the multicultural world that America is because they simply wouldn’t be able to comprehend the idea. These stereotypes are even present while going through school being taught that there are different cliques and that you can only fit into one certain clique, like a jock, a nerd, or the dumb cheerleader. There cliques are revealed in multiple shows that attract teenagers. Not only is television responsible for teaching children these stereotypes from a young age, there also are the internet and magazines that contribute to this problem. Technology is not the only thing to blame; there is also influence by who you grow up around. You are not fully able to make your own decisions or opinions about certain things until you are an adult. The background of your childhood and who you grow up around greatly influence your opinions. Stereotyping only continues in television shows and movies that attractive adults. Examine a typical television sitcom, what role are the women characters playing? For example, in the television show, The Big Band Theory, one of the main characters is an attractive blonde woman who seems to lack intelligence at times. Her best friends in the sitcom are two guys that would fit a nerd type role. It is as if the â€Å"nerds† are only friends with her because of her looks. Stereotypes evident in our lives since we are young, giving the idea that you fit into one of these stereotypes. Such as if you are blonde, then you must be dumb or if you are Asian you must be intelligent. The idea that characteristics you hold places you into a certain stereotype and along with that stereotype you must do the things that are associated with that stereotype. On the other hand, there are many television shows and movies that actually challenge traditional views of women. For example, in the movie Legally Blonde, a blonde white woman in her middle 20’s named Elle Woods depicts what one would think of as â€Å"dumb blonde†. She wears all pink, almost always, her hair and make-up is always perfect and has that high pitch â€Å"like oh my god† voice. But she surprises everyone when she goes to Harvard Law School to become a lawyer; even the professors and fellow collages at the college doubt her. In the end, she prevails and surprises everyone with her knowledge. Elle Woods would be a perfect image of â€Å"girl power†. The thought that yes women can are smart enough to accomplish their dreams that not only men can go to college, get a degree, and become a high paid profession like a doctor or lawyer. There are tons of other movies and television shows that depict women the same way as Legally Blonde, so does that imply that women can eventually break these stereotypes that have been placed upon them? Many women do just what these movies and television shows depict women doing. More women go to college to earn degrees and obtain a high paying job. There are women that are doctors, surgeons, and the head CEO’s of companies in todays’ society. These women are the bosses of many other women, but more importantly men. These are prime examples that women are not just staying home taking care of the children in todays’ society, they are going to a well-paying job every day then coming home to do other responsibilities. Women as a whole are breaking these traditional stereotypes that haunt us all. But, the main question behind the problem of stereotyping is who is coming up with these stereotypes? It is not physically possible to classify multiple people into the same group, simply because everyone is an individual and is completely different from anyone else. Stereotypes are politically incorrect because of these facts. For example, the stereotype that all black people like fried chicken and watermelon. It is nearly impossible that every African American in the world likes these types of food; there is at least one that does not, therefore proving the stereotype invalid. But, we still use these stereotypes every day without even thinking about doing it and by doing these you are in return neglecting the fact that everyone is an individual. In order to stop stereotyping these types of issues must be looked at. While all stereotyping can be considered negative or hurtful depending on what is said. There is a difference between stereotyping and making an observation, as stated before stereotyping would be saying something like all African American people like fried chicken, while on the other hand saying something like there are many Asians at the Science and Engineering library on campus would be considered an observation. By saying an observation, it wouldn’t be considered a stereotyping because the observation is seen with that persons’ eyes therefore in their eyes it would be considered true. Alternatively, stereotyping is stating something that can’t be proven true and also usually possess some kind of hatred or hurtful feelings behind the statement. I believe that many people often get these two ideas mixed up with each other, causing further confusion and more hatred towards certain groups of people. Stereotyping is clearly a large problem in todays’ society. First, the problem needs to be addressed on where it starts, which is often at a young age. The surroundings in which you grow up influence your opinions and ideas as your mind develops which is often the beginning of this problem. This problem develops further with todays’ technology such as television, movies, the internet, and social networks. Technology is a large part of the stereotyping problem by continuing to show how women should act and be, but it also challenges the problem as well. In order to stop stereotyping, women need to continue to make advances in the world to prove that we are not just an object that stays at home and cleans. Women holding high paying jobs and taking care of themselves without any help is becoming a more common idea. I believe women are starting to change the common stereotype of them and with these advances the idea of stereotyping can start to come to an end but only with the help of everyone in todays’ society.

How to Perform the Dancing Gummi Bear Demonstration

How to Perform the Dancing Gummi Bear Demonstration Place a Gummi Bear candy into a test tube containing potassium chlorate and watch it dance amidst purple flames. This stunning demonstration is an example of a strongly product-favored reaction, plus its a lot of fun. Its easy and takes no time at all. What You Need Gummi bear candyPotassium chlorateLarge test tubeRing standBunsen burner or other heat sourceTongs Here's How Set up a large test tube over a heat source, such as a bunsen burner. Add a small amount of potassium chlorate to the test tube and heat it until it melts. The exact amount isnt important... aim for a small scoop.Using long-handled tongs, drop a Gummi Bear candy into the test tube.Its just that simple! The reaction between the sucrose in the Gummi Bears, potassium chlorate, and oxygen produces carbon dioxide, water, and potassium chloride. Tips Use proper safety precautions, including safety goggles and a lab coat. Be advised, the reaction is vigorous enough that the test tube may shatter. Adult supervision is required.The Instant Fire demonstration is very similar to the Dancing Gummi Bear demo.Another way to do this demonstration is to set the Gummi Bear on top of cold potassium chlorate. When you are ready to start the reaction, it can be initiated by adding a couple of drops of sulfuric acid to the contents of the test tube.

The earth did not devour him by tomas rivera Essay

The earth did not devour him by tomas rivera - Essay Example The first and last stories construct the book as specifically starting and conclusively narration. . It depicts the migrant Chicano workers who are in no better condition than slaves; in fact they are probably worse off. Slaves were the property of owners who regarded upon whom they had invested money and accordingly were taken care of as â€Å"valued financial investments.† The migrant workers were not considered investments, and were living and working in conditions of slavery without even the basic reimbursement. (Tomas Rivera, â€Å"Remembering, Discovery and Volition in the Literary Imaginative Process,† in Tomas Rivera: The Complete Works (1975). The narration of Tomas Rivera’s books ‘the earth did not devour him† is about the predicament and patient survival of Mexican American farm workers, which has made prominent and strengthened the Chicano national perception. The narration is part of the author’s personal experience while working o n a farm during his youth, because his parents were migrant workers. The quality of the book is the way that the subject matter poses a challenge to readers and critics alike. The narration begins with the story â€Å"The Lost Year† and continues with thirteen short unnamed essays and twelve essays that are named and end with the story â€Å"Under the House†. ... .  Ã‚   With the expansion of American modernizing influences, the pressure on the migrant workers increased to become a part of American culture, which further exacerbated and makes worse the plight of the migrant’s already dismal state of affairs. This disorderly and turbulent state of affairs is accessed through the mind of a Mexican American boy, who evaluates his feelings of ethnic indecision by questioning his community’s customary way of life. Some of the short essays depict irregular attempts by the boy to congregate his thoughts and feelings towards successive development for rational intelligibility. In the course of his steady allusion to darkness, night, or sleep in all the essays, Rivera strengthens the boy’s succession from mental vagueness about his community’s knowledge to academic clarification regarding the community’s circumstances and the way of life. Although not linked to any particular change towards explanation, there are s everal referrals to darkness, night and sleep which intensify the book’s complete fascination with night and the darkness. The events in the narration consists of several essays of events that occur at night, such â€Å"what his mother never knew† as the water that his mother placed under his bed for the spirits and which he drank every night, or in the essay â€Å"She had fallen asleep† which tells about a fortune teller meeting with a family, or â€Å"Hands in His Pocket† a boy cannot sleep his first night in a bizarre, disconcerting room. This short essay again refers to the night when the same boy who cannot sleep in a strange room, has to drag a dead man to his grave when it gets very dark. Other essay such as the â€Å"The Night the Lights Went out† and â€Å"First Communion â€Å" also refers to night and sleep, when

BIO 345 - Topic Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

BIO 345 - Topic Paper - Essay Example n of human breast cancer cells by upregulating ZNF703 expression†, Yongguo et al (2015) target an lncRNA SPRY-4-IT1 which has a close association with cancer. SPRY-4-IT1 or SPRY-4 intronic transcript 1 is almost 708 basepair long non-coding RNA which is present on a locus in chromosome 5. The lncRNA SPRY-4-IT1 was studied thoroughly and it was seen that this particular product was highly expressed in melanoma cells. To understand the role of this gene and the association of the gen with breast cancer, Yongguo et al conducted a clinical study. The tissue to be studies was collected from 48 patients who had undergone surgical breast cancer resection Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical,  China between 2012- 2013. The 48 different breast cancer cell lines were taken, RNA was extracted from them and quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR was performed on each of samples collected. Gain and loss of functions methodology was adopted to understand the role of the gene in-vitro. Using microarray bioinformatics analysis of the potential targets was computed. These results were further verified using other methods such as rescue experiments, western blotting and quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction methods. The results show that up regulation of the SPRY4-IT1 occurs which was far above that in the normal breast tissues. The researchers also found a close association between the expression of the gene and the size of the tumor. Pathologically, it was seen that the gene was also expressed in advance cases of breast cancer. The researchers noticed that when this particular gene was knocked down, the proliferation of the malignant breast cells was drastically reduced and apoptosis in the cancerous cells was also induced. Using computational methods and other wet laboratory methods the target of the gene was recognized to be ZNF703 gene. ZNF703 is a breast cancer oncogene which helps in the regulation of normal cell division in the cells and

Analysis Of The Gattaca Film Film Studies Essay

Analysis Of The Gattaca Film Film Studies Essay The film Gattaca explores the possibilities of future technology development, and the way in which these advances would affect society. For example, would a society composed of two distinct social classes, and the inequality between them really be an advance? Those who are not genetically manipulated to so -called perfection in a lab, but naturally conceived, are given the name in-valid god children or de-gene-erates , and are treated as second class. Natural conception in the not too distant future is rejected in the society of Gattaca, with genetic manipulation seen as what has become the natural way. Due to the discrimination of in-valids, what would present days multiculturalism and racial diversity be in a time such as that of Gattaca? Would the importance of individuality or personal identity be discarded? As Vincent tells the viewer: Today we have discrimination down to a science. Gattacas plot and character portrayal asks the viewer this, showing us that unique genetic makeup wouldnt matter- infact, personal qualities would be scrutinised, pushed aside and unwanted. It is clear that director Andrew Niccol aims to inform the viewer of this through such examples as Irenes heart defect which doesnt allow her to pursue her dream, even though she is a valid. Another example is Vincents only way to be accepted into society is to lie and assume a valids identity. Technology enables Vincent to do so, but infact it is technology that first leads to Vincents rejection from his surrounding world, as he was naturally conceived, and therefore is constant suffering under the burden to somehow be equally accepted. I believe Niccols message to the viewer is that in order to truly benefit from the power to change the environment, such as advances in technology giving us the ability to genetically manipulate, we first have to consider both the advantages and disadvantages of our actions to fully understand them. For instance, we must ask ourselves should equality, ambition and individuality be traded for catergorisation in an institutional system with distinction. As actor Jude Law, who plays Jerome, says: Andrew creates this manicured world in which human feelings are trying to burst out, in which the quest to make a better society has destroyed individuality. So if we were to live in a future such as that of Gattaca, wouldnt we lose more than we would gain? Explain the meaning of the quotes in the pre-exposition sequence. Which of these quotes is best supported by the film text? Consider Gods handiwork: who can straighten what he hath made crooked? Ecclesiastes 7:11 I feel this quote is the moral to be learnt within the films plot, as it asks the viewer why fix what isnt broken? In the society of Gattaca, wealth determines fate; what parents can afford decides how perfect their child will be. This raises the issue of in-valids separation from valids (and the whole surrounding society), and the suffocation of in-valids desires. This can be referred to with Vincent, as his longing to journey to space. The social hierarchy and racial differences in Gattaca therefore leave in-valids ultimately no reason to live. For instance, Vincent didnt have high expectations set on him by his parents as he was an in-valid, but still managed to pursue his dreams- only by following societys mould (appearing as a valid). This quote represents the idea that imperfections should be appreciated rather than dismissed, and that nature, despite its flaws is preferable to a genetically engineered existence due to its consequences. The viewer is shown that the importance o f individualism in nature is too valuable and complex to be overridden by genetics. I therefore feel that this quote more strongly supports the films plot and character portrayal. I not only think that we will tamper with Mother Nature. I think Mother wants us to. William Gaylin This quote, contradicting the previous, represents the opposing opinion that perhaps God himself is not perfect, as He created a flawed world, and that having the ability to change it means we should change it. The need to perfect Mother Nature is a temptation, which increases whilst technology continues to make this ability even more obtainable. By showing the viewer what the future may bring, Niccol is hinting that society is being constantly challenged whether to interfere with what has been provided for us even today, and that these early signs may lead to such manipulating in Gattaca along with its consequences. Surely we should take advantage of technological advances, but will correcting Gods mistakes really result in a more beneficial outcome? This quote is representing what is presented to the viewer directly through the films plot and character portrayal, asking the advantages of humans adopting a God-like power to be considered. But due to the blurred line between health a nd enhancement that Niccol informs us of, a constant need to perfect will always be present. So should we eliminate Gods mistakes if we are able to? Would grasping an opportunity in reach seem logical? This quote suggests the approach: Sure. Why not? Question 3: How have the film makers established the difference between the natural born Vincent and the genetically selected Anton in the sequence that shows them as children? (E.g. camera shots and angles, lighting and symbolism) To convey the difference between Vincent and his brother Anton, certain lighting and camera angles are used. For instance, Vincent is conceived at the sea at sunset; in a natural setting expressing calmness. The waves gently lap the shore, also indicating calmness and serenity, and this Vincent will be a product of nature rather than a lab. The close-up of rosary beads and a Christian cross indicate that that a God-child will be born to this couple, and that natural and religious beliefs have influenced Vincents conception. The fading light represents the beginning of a new day, but the viewer is given the impressions that Vincents birth will bring turmoil to his parents. By the doctors and Vincents parents expressions after Vincent is born, the beginning of Vincents rejection from society is immediately shown. This instant elimination from birth is emphasised when the viewer is told of Vincents life expectancy, a short 30.2 years, and his father reacts to this. Other negative data s uch as Vincents heart defect and ADHD probability is determined without delay to establish if Vincent is worthy of any acceptance. By only informing the viewer of Vincents probable deficiencies, and not the benefits, this again adds to Vincent appearing incapable and excluded ever since the moment he was born. The hospital scene uses the same low, hazy lighting as that of Vincents conception. This is not an expected light in a surgical environment, as it is gloomy, with the only light coming from the windows. This same washed out sepia tone is seen when Vincent, as a toddler, falls and his mother over-anxiously runs to him. In this scene, we are again shown Vincents incapability, appearing weak and dependent. This lighting used also portrays the characters emotions; for example, low, gloomy light indicates uncertainty and doubt when Vincent is born. The closing of the iron-bar gate at the preschool where Vincent is denied admission indicates not only Vincents rejections, but also th e rejection his parents suffer, as they are made to feel ashamed to have brought such a burden into a perfect world. The bars represent exclusion; being locked in or locked out, and Vincent and his parents are definitely being almost banned like a contagious disease from which separation is necessary. The low gloomy light throughout Vincents childhood is used to express that these are not bright, happy memories, but a different recollection. This same light is again used when Vincents parents visit the geneticist. In this scene, one specific recurring motif is referred to. This is the helix, which can be seen extensively in the structure of staircases and also the toy that Vincent is playing with. Perhaps the playing with of this toy represents the question should genetics be toyed with, and if so, should it be treated like childs play? The use of the helix motif within the staircase at the geneticists perhaps represents Gattacas society rising to new heights and understandings of s uch things as technology and genetic manipulation. When we are first introduced to Anton, a noticeable change in lighting is evident. When his father is measuring his height, Anton is bathed in a golden, glowing light; almost heavenly, as he is worthy of praise and his fathers name, whereas Vincent was not. The sets colour is richer and the positioning of the characters in the scene indicates that Vincent is left behind, and that his parents and Anton have formed their own family unit that doesnt involve Vincent. Infact, he has been pushed aside in his impurity. The viewer is shown by the measurements of the brothers that at age eight, Anton is taller, better looking and has a broader figure than Vincent, who at age ten is smaller, skinner and wears glasses. Through this comparison, we are shown which brother is stronger and ultimately, which is better. When Vincent erases is own name from beneath his brothers it is clear that Vincent is feeling the impact of this constant judgment. The fact that Vincents parent chose to have another son adds to the competitiveness of this comparison. For example, strengths and weaknesses wouldnt have been so obvious if Vincent was to have a sister. The family unit excluding Vincent that has been formed can again be referred to when Vincent is shown sitting apart from Anton and his parents eating breakfast. The viewer is shown Vincent feeding himself intellectually with a book, whereas Anton just eats; he has no excuse to fail, therefore not needing this source. The first game of chicken, when Vincent and Anton are children, we see Anton refusing to be Vincents blood brother, as he fears contamination by inferior blood. Whilst the boys swim, an aerial shot is used, showing Anton being more physically capable than his brother, strongly swimming ahead. A high camera angle is then used to show a defeated, helpless Vincent suffering in his difficulty. Genetics superiority is portrayed, and the viewer is shown Vincent in a defenceless position, again appearing the weaker. Also, when Vincent lays out his model solar system, Anton snatches Pluto (an apple), low camera angles are used when Anton is shown, giving a sense of superiority, in contrast to the high camera angles looking down on Vincent, giving the impression that that he is the impure; the son who wasnt worthy of thus fathers name. Question 4: Consider the implications of the names of the main characters: Vincent Freeman and Jerome Morrow. Vincent Freeman, being an in-valid, is not as his name implies. The name Vincent, meaning victorious and to conquer, could be an oxymoron, as is Vincents surname. Freeman, meaning one not to be forbidden by law; in other words, free to do as he pleases, is not how Vincent is seen as through societys discriminative eyes. Vincent cannot turn his dream into a reality without changing the way in which he is observed by surrounding valids (assuming the identity of a valid). Therefore he is not victorious or conquering in the beginning, but by the end of the film, he does manage to journey to Titan despite being discovered a broken ladder. So, perhaps the name Vincent Freeman is an indication of the characters journey throughout the films plot; Vincent tells us: it all began when he first saved Antons whilst playing chicken. This is the moment when Vincent discovers he has the strength and determination to excel in his hostile world, and the instant he realises that his goal is possible to be achieved, he doesnt once look back. In the end, it seems this name may well be suitable for Vincent, having the ability to fulfil his desire of journeying to space, conquering and breaking free of restraint set upon him (his family, for instance) and victoriously overruling genetic superiority with the power of the natural human spirit. For what its worth, Im here to tell you that it is possible, Vincent tells Irene. Vincent journey of aspiring and determination shows the viewer this. Jerome Morrow: The name Jerome, meaning holy, indicates Jerome as being the desires result; a valid. The meaning of Morrow is sea warrior. This relates to Jeromes swimming past and him winning silver instead of gold. The meaning sea warrior, no longer appropriate as he no longer has the physical ability to swim, could be a taunt towards Jerome, indicating that he is drowning in a sea of defeat and self-pity due to not meeting his genetic profile by coming second. Also, the fact that his suicide plan didnt go to plan indicates his failure to win. Perhaps Morrow may be an intentional rhyme with sorrow; as Vincent tells: He (Jerome) had everything except desire. Alternatively, Jeromes surname may also be related to the question do we really want tomorrow to become what we see in Gattaca? with genetics ruling over human spirit and individuality. This is perhaps a slight warning to the viewer: would this be a new hope or burden? Jerome has no intention of seeing tomorrow. Infact he has wanted to, and tried to, escape from tomorrow every since he was second best. Jerome realises that having helped Vincent pursue his goal, he no longer needed to exist in tomorrow, and decided to leave on a high note taking his failures with him, rather than falling back down into his sea to drown in sorrow. Later, Jerome asks Vincent to call him Eugene. This is extremely close to the word eugenics, which is the study and practice of selective breeding applied to humans. Also, the meaning of the name Eugene is well born, noble, which is exactly what Jerome is. Vincent tells Jerome: Jerome Morrow. Its a nice name. To which Jerome replies: Its my name. But I cant be you without it, Vincent says. So even though Jerome is giving away his first name (meaning holy) to Vincent, he still owns a sense of superiority by using the name Eugene. This allows him to still feel he has an identity, although most of it was given to Vincent. Question 5: What is the significance of being an in-valid? Imagine a society in which there were two distinct groups: valids and in-valids. Suppose you were born an in-valid; you were a victim of discrimination, or genoism. How would you truly feel? We can see that the in-valids are assigned the menial jobs- the jobs they cannot escape from due to their imperfections at birth. No matter how hard Vincent tried and longed to be accepted for his difference, being an in-valid would never allow him to be. Fate was never on Vincents side right from the start, as the constant comparison between him and Anton was the underlying discrimination that was the foundation of Vincents segregation from society. For instance, Vincent tells us: Today we have discrimination down to a science. Also, both Vincent and Irene had heart conditions, although Irene was a valid and Vincent an in-valid. Perhaps Irenes validness is an indication that genetics perfect creations dont always guarantee ideal results. The definition of in-valid, weak and sickly; one who is in capacitated by a chronic illness or disability, is strongly related to Vincents incapability to live up to the desired result: a flawless being who fits comfortably inside the mould created for them ever since their new natural conception. The definition of valid is producing the desired result, having legal force, legitimate; all of these things Vincent cannot aspire to as he simply forbidden to even try. For instance Anton tells him: I have a right to be here, you dont. To which Vincent later replies: Do you have any idea what it took to get in here? This is an indication of Vincent achievement of entering Gattaca, but there are still further stars to reach for (journeying to space). Think about the word in-valid. Why the hyphen? The hyphen turns invalid (an adjective) into in-valid (a noun). But maybe the use of the hyphen is deeper than that. Perhaps this is another indication of the isolation of in-valids. The hyphen separates the two; those apparently pure and impure. Question 6: Discuss the frequent references to swimming in the text; in what ways have the film makers given this significance? Swimming is a recurring motif in Gattaca and significant indications of this can be referred to several times throughout the film. The first time is when Vincent and Anton playing chicken, and when Anton wins, the impression is given that his determination to be the superior brother is already present. This is implying genetic superiority mainly on a physically level. The second game of chicken was when it all began; Vincent is shown as a product of a natural world, thriving in the few aspects of natural world that still exists in an artificial world. Thus this is why Vincent finds his inner strength in the ocean, something too large to be manipulated by mankinds ignorance. Also in the second game, clearer water symbolises fewer obstacles for Vincent in achieving his goal. Although we are asked to consider the survival of the fittest idea, by Vincent saving Anton, the survival of the mentally fittest is suggested. Through the games of chicken we are shown that swimming is still a familiar physical activity in the future, despite technological advances, genetic manipulation and social hierarchy that may occur. The recurring swimming theme is also an indication of a source of equality between valids and in-valids, as swimming is something that surprisingly doesnt require the correct genetic makeup or physical ability (well, perhaps it does in Jeromes case).The viewer is told that adaption is necessary in order to survive- this is referring to the unpredictability of evolution, and again the survival of the fittest is referred to. Next we discover Jerome was a champion swimmer, as he had the ideal genetic profile, but becoming paralysed meant he was no longer physically capable. When we see Jerome climbing the stairs, we could say it was almost a swimming action, with the use of his arms pulling him forward. As swimming gets one from A to B, maybe a journey is to be acknowledged. This may be Vincent realising the power of his determination and inner strength. We first see this when he rescues Anton in the first game of chicken; Vincent has the capability to win despite his in-validity. When Anton, as an adult, is shown swimming in a tank alone, the viewer is given the impressions he is racing against himself, trying the make up for his earlier losses to Vincent. Perhaps he is trying to erase the fact that an in-valid somehow was able to defy his genetic perfection- twice. In his tank, Anton is going nowhere. Here the viewer is again being shown that once a genetically manipulated human, a valid, reaches their full potential, they neither feel the need to reach higher, pushing themselves to mentally be the best, or have the ability to. On the other hand, we could argue that Antons case is different, as he believes he is the stronger brother, and that if he continues to push himself he can be better still. Another example of this is when we see Vincent intellectually feeding himself at breakfast, whereas Anton was eating food. Finally, with Vincent winning again the third game of chicken, this delivers the films main theme, telling that human spirit along with the creative chaos of individuality will overrule genetic superiority and a perfect society no matter what. Question 7: What is the significance of the recurring ocean motif in the text; in what ways have the film makers given this significance? The ocean motif in Gattaca represents the one thing that remains natural, as its vastness, power and unpredictability make it impossible to be influenced by the genetic and scientific manipulation of this artificial world. We are first given reference to the ocean at the time of Vincents conception, and this is the first connection between Vincent and nature that is represented. Also, as water can represent uncertainty perhaps this is a suggestion of the unpredictability of Vincents birth, as his parents left fate to deal him an unpredictable genetic profile. Next, the ocean is involved in Vincent and Antons first game of chicken. In this scene we are shown not only the strength of the characters, but also of the ocean. In the second game of chicken we see the oceans ability to cause danger, even leading to death. Also, Anton beneath the surface of the water perhaps indicates deeper meanings; entering the next layer of understanding. For example, after Anton is rescued by Vincent, this is when Vincent realises that although he may be an in-valid in a sea of valids, he has the determination to keep afloat and succeed in his natural setting. The love scene between Vincent and Irene also involves the ocean. This could represent a new beginning of calmness and trust, as the waves in this scene are gentle and placid, unlike those of the third game of chicken in which we again are shown links between the characters emotions and the oceans chaos, manipulation of fears, brutality and ability to take lives. When we are shown Vincent scrubbing himself on the shore at Irenes, the oceans ability to cleanse and revitalise is symbolised. This could also represent the timeline of a typical day in Vincents life; the ocean washes away the struggle of the day to prepare Vincent for another day of treading water in his vicious sea of genetic manipulation and genoism, in which he feels he is slowly drowning. Question 8: Set in the not too distant future the film has a very retro look. Why is this? The retro theme consistent throughout the film is used to subtly hint that society regrets its decision of adopting a god-like power allowing the ability to genetically manipulate, and wishes to return to the past days when the natural way was natural conception and social equality. By living in a futuristic world combined with aspects of life trying to act as those true of the past, we can see that the society of Gattaca wont accept their mistakes, believing they werent made to begin with. Genetic manipulation hasnt resulted in the outcome they expected, and they are now clinging to all that is left of the untouched past. Infact, society didnt really have an expectation of what genetically manipulating would bring; the disadvantages obviously werent considered, because if they had been, the segregation between valids and in-valids wouldnt have been so strong. Through this, the film makers are portraying the message that if we were to tamper with genetics, assuming superiority over t he environment, we would most likely regret it. The definition of retro is reminiscent of things past; not old but harking back. This relates to the society of Gattaca imitating fashions of the past whilst simultaneously incorporating modern twist. We can see this through such fashions, for instance the circa 1950s dresses worn at the piano recital, Irenes hairstyle while she is with Vincent at the nightclub and the cars of the time, especially Irenes. These imitations indicate future societys wistful longing for something (this being returning to the past) but not being able to as the line has been crossed and changes already occurred; perfection now divides humanity- if we can still call it humanity, that is. The retro look maybe also be used to allow the viewer to relate to the feelings of the characters and films plot, indicating that aspects of a Gattaca future are already present in our everyday lives today, and that if society isnt careful a similar future is perhaps as not as far away as we expect. Hence the used not-too-distant-future phrase. We must also not forget that this film was filmed in the early 1990s, and that the fashion influences of this era may have affected the films set and props. Question 9: Vincent challenges the dominant ideology of the time whereas Irene accepts it. Give evidence to support this statement. There is a clear difference in the way the characters of Vincent and Irene are portrayed. For example, Vincent tells us: I was never more certain how far away from my goal (of journeying to space) than when I was standing right beside it. Through this quote, Vincents determination to break free of the stereotypical mould that has been created for him and all in-valids is shown. A subtle hint that he rebels against societys control and manipulation is that he has lived past his life expectancy of 30.2 years. We can see that Vincent constantly questions the orderliness and precision of the world of Gattaca when he asks such things as: I dont need rescuing, but you did once. Here Vincent is fighting for an answer, perhaps not from just Anton, but from society as a whole; as if saying how do you explain that? Use your technology and genetic manipulation to figure that out. Another example of Vincents longing to escape from the judgement of belonging to the contaminated world is the comme nt he makes after his janitor boss tells him not to clean the glass too well, as Vincent might get ideas. Vincent, who has had enough of being left below with his lower class by valids on ascending escalators into Gattaca, smugly replies: Youll be able to see me when Im on the other side of it. This is yet another indication of his continuous fight in this losing battle, which does pay off for Vincent in the end. Irene on the other hand accepts the genetic hand she was dealt. Director, Niccol tells us: I think of Irene as someone who would lie down at the allotted minute as she would feel guilty for a minute longer than her profile proscribed. Vincent, who has lived past his 30.2 years, obviously doesnt feel the same way as Irene, does he? Irene first seems attracted to Vincent due to his perfect genes. But she doesnt act on her feelings for him immediately, as her obedience to societys ideology means that spontaneous relationships would be out of the question; almost impossible. Irene checks Vincents (Jeromes) genetic profile as she is interested in him, and is disappointed when she finds he is 9.3, quite a catch. As her thoughts are driven by the manipulation societys ideology has over her, she immediately presumes the curiosity wouldnt be mutual; that Vincent could do better than someone with a heart defect. We should say that Irene unwillingly accepts the ideology of society. She tells Vincent; The only trip Ill take in space is around the sun on this satellite right here. This is a sign of Irenes subtle jealously that Vincent excels in what she could only dream of obtaining- true perfection. After she asks Vincent about watching every single launch and tells him that he is the only one who watches them, she says: If youre going to pretend that you dont care, dont look up. Her saying this indicates that the small things that seem trivial to valids, as they are in reach to them, seem unavailable (like a goal they will aim to achieve in time) to in-valids, as they have been excluded from such things. Irene supports and protects Vincent, even perhaps slightly undertaking a motherly role towards him. For example, she tells him to leave work and maintains the deception with Jerome when Anton investigates. Admiring his refusal to accept his genetic fate, this allows her to challenge her own f laws, especially her weak heart. Vincent tells Irene: You are the authority on what is not possible, arent you? Theyve got you looking for any flaw that after a while, thats all you see. Perhaps Vincent is referring to the flaws she sees within herself, and how she continues to allow these deficiencies to dictate her life, forcing her to abide by societys rules. He later tells her: It is possible. Yes it is, and Vincents journey and achievement is proof that it is possible. Question 10: Do the right genes guarantee success? If not, then what does? The characters journey and experiences throughout the film show that genetic manipulation wont necessary result in perfection; infact, the viewer is shown that the diversity of untouched human nature will always be preferred over an institutional, influenced society. As producer, Stacey Sher says: In this society, there is no triumph because everything is predicted from birth, so there is always a hollowness to success. This is a world in which everyone is so obsessed with living longer that they no longer know how to be truly alive. Instead of manipulated fate, it is the strength an individual intellectually holds that truly determines the future of an individual. For instance, we can compare Anton and Vincent. Anton, the favourable brother, turns out to work for the police force; not an over-successful role, just a middle class job. In other words, Anton doesnt live up to his pre-determined future as he only becomes a detective. Not to mention, he lost two out of three games of chicken, which shows that genes are not the only thing that determines fate. Vincent on the other hand manages to achieve the impossible. Surely this should be seen as successful? Vincent reaches his goal, whereas Anton never set any in the first place; this doesnt show any willpower and aggression on Antons behalf. He was supposedly the son worthy of his fathers name, but he wasnt so worthy in the end. The next valid, Jerome, also shows genetic manipulation to be unfavourable. He lacks spirit and strength of character to succeed, as Niccol tells us when he says: He (Jerome) was the very antithesis of Vincent. Vincent inspires Jerome, who overcomes suffering under the burden of perfection, with everything except desire. If a determined fate is such a miracle, why didnt Jerome come first in his swimming race? Also, it is obvious that trying to commit suicide isnt very successful. We are told that even before his accident, Jerome was lacking in the attributes that make life most worth living by Sher. So it seems that the pressure of being expected to meet such expectations in a way impacted Jeromes life heavily. Perhaps he felt that whenever he was not perfect, when he made a mistake, that his actions were scrutinised; that the manicured world he belonged to was constantly analysing him as an experiment or the closest thing to flawlessness. In-valids wouldnt suffer under this burden o f perfection. This is therefore another indication from the film makers that human nature will always triumph over eugenics. It took the satisfaction of helping Vincent achieve his dream for Jerome to realise what really mattered in both the valid and in-valid world. I think this is why Jeromes silver medal changes to gold in the end, as this is the moment he truly succeeds, realising that genetics dont rule over everything. Irene, a valid, had her own flaws too. She not only had a heart condition, but also the ability to feel the emotion of jealousy, and she had no self-motivation. A valid, like Jerome, she also needed the inspiration of Vincents aggression and strength of mind to become inspired herself. Discrimination against in-valids is only supported by the assumption that genetic manipulation perfects without a doubt. So where is the proof that pre-determined fate is truly an advantage? In contrast, there is proof that individuality can and does survive, despite all discrimination of in-validity. This proof is Vincent, his experiences of fighting in a faultless world, and the journey he goes on to accomplish his dream.